The environmental importance of forests and their global relevance were not an occasion, at the Earth Summit (Rio, 1992), to assert a compulsive commitment about the forest sustained management, obvious way to transform it into a global rule. The concept’s supporters, mainly Western and fitted with an old forest tradition have hardly worked to build a forest sustained management, at a regional scale and State cooperation level, in order to apply to themselves. However, Western forests are generally progressing and have been managed in a sustained way, for decades. Why this addition? Not for an objective reason resulting from the forests’ situation, but mainly proceeding from the internal game of partners. It is an occasion to test the indirect consequence that happen when a topic handled by the international community. – Summary AFRI-2005